Cuba

Dominican Republic

Caribbean

Spain

Europe

Argentina

Bolivia

Chile

Colombia

Costa Rica

Ecuador

El Salvador

Guatemala

Honduras

Nicaragua

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Uruguay

Venezuela

Latin America

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

None

Mexico

North America

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

A world map shows the countries where Spanish is an official or de facto language. These countries are highlighted in light orange and include Spain, Central America, and the western region of South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Chile).

Countries where Spanish is an official (or serves as a de facto) language

Countries

World

Ethnologue

Spanish as Official or de facto Language

Alaska

Arizona

Utah

District of Columbia

Florida

Idaho

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

Washington

Wyoming

Montana

Maine

North Dakota

Kentucky

Virginia

Delaware

Mississippi

West Virginia

Nebraska

Texas

Missouri

Louisiana

Hawaii

North Carolina

Oregon

Alabama

New Mexico

Kansas

Wisconsin

British Columbia

New Jersey

South Carolina

Michigan

Connecticut

Pennsylvania

Colorado

Nevada

Massachusetts

Georgia

New York

Maryland

Oklahoma

Tennessee

California

Arkansas

South Dakota

Ohio

Indiana

Minnesota

Iowa

Illinois

A map highlights earthquake hazard areas across the United States using a color-coded scheme to indicate different levels of hazard.

Areas in the United States with greater than 1% probability of potentially damaging ground shaking in one year

Earthquake Hazard Areas (U.S.)

The lowest hazard areas are shaded in blue, covering parts of Texas, Florida, Iowa, North Dakota, and Wisconsin, as well as extreme northern regions of Alaska. Low hazard areas are shaded in purple, seen in regions such as parts of the eastern and middle United States, including Dallas, Chicago, and Washington D.C. Moderately low hazard areas are shaded in pink, found in central and northern Illinois, and spread across western parts including Oregon, Arizona, and New Mexico. Moderate hazard areas are shaded in orange, covering parts of the eastern and western regions, and most of Alaska. Moderately high hazard areas are shaded in yellow, covering regions such as the West Coast, including California, Oregon, and Washington, as well as Fairbanks in Alaska. High hazard areas are shaded in light brown, seen in parts of Anchorage and the western coastal regions. The highest hazard areas are shaded in dark brown, notably in regions like southern Alaska and parts of California, including the San Francisco and Los Angeles areas.

USGS

Yukon

Northwest Territories

Nunavut

Nova Scotia

Prince Edward Island

Saskatchewan

New Brunswick

Newfoundland and Labrador

Alberta

Québec

Manitoba

Ontario

A map highlights the principal aquifers across North America, categorized into three types.

Locations of various aquifers in North America, including consolidated rock aquifers, which are made up of mostly volcanic rocks in the Northwest and mostly sandstone and limestone elsewhere; combination aquifers, which are sand and gravel aquifers overlying productive rock aquifers; and productive aquifers, which have a 0.4 liter/second potential

Principal Aquifers

Consolidated rock aquifers, shaded in green, are predominantly found in northern Canada, including regions like Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, and extending into parts of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Also found in the northern Canada regions like Victoria Island, Parry Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and Ellesmere Island, also extending to Southern regions like Winnipeg, Ottawa, and Halifax. Combination aquifers, shaded in orange, are primarily located in the central and eastern United States, covering areas in states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota, and extending to parts of the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast, including New York, Pennsylvania, and Florida. Productive aquifers, also shaded in light green, are found in regions of Florida and across the western United States near Oregon.

Geosystems: Intro to Physical Geography

A map shows the ethnic and cultural regions in U S. French-Canadian (orange) in Quebec, Black belt (blue) in the southeastern states. Hispanic borderlands (mustard) in south states. Navajo Reservation (yellow) in Arizona, and Nunavut shaded grey.

Spanish as Official or de facto Language	Earthquake Hazard Areas (U.S.)							Principal Aquifers			Ethnic and Cultural Regions
Value	Lowest hazard	Low hazard	Moderately low hazard	Moderate hazard	Moderately high hazard	High hazard	Highest hazard	Consolidated rock aquifers	Combination aquifers	Productive aquifers	Acadiana	Black Belt	Cuban South Florida	French-Canadian Quebec	Hispanic borderlands	Navajo Reservation	Nunavut





	26.4%	18.4%	16.6%	29.2%	5.20%	4.36%	7.41%	14.0%	4.45%	18.1%	20.6%	43.6%	3.77%	99.6%	53.2%	6.72%	98.3%