American Samoa (U.S.)

Australia

Cook Is. (New Zealand)

Fiji

Guam (U.S.)

Kiribati

Marshall Is.

Micronesia

Nauru

New Zealand

Niue (New Zealand)

Norfolk I. (Australia)

Northern Mariana Is. (U.S.)

Palau

Papua New Guinea

Pitcairn Is. (U.K.)

Samoa

Solomon Is.

Australia & Oceania

Anguilla (U.K.)

Antigua and Barbuda

Bahamas

Barbados

Bermuda (U.K.)

British Virgin Is. (U.K.)

Cayman Is. (U.K.)

Dominica

Grenada

Jamaica

Seychelles

St. Kitts and Nevis

St. Lucia

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Trinidad and Tobago

Turks and Caicos Is. (U.K.)

U.S. Virgin Is. (U.S.)

Caribbean

Hong Kong S.A.R. (China)

East Asia

Guernsey (U.K.)

Ireland

Jersey (U.K.)

Malta

Montserrat (U.K.)

United Kingdom

Europe

Belize

Guyana

Latin America

Mauritius

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

Sint Maarten (Neth.)

Tonga

Vanuatu

None

Canada

United States

North America

India

Pakistan

South Asia

Brunei

Malaysia

Philippines

Singapore

Southeast Asia

Botswana

Cameroon

eSwatini

Gambia

Ghana

Kenya

Lesotho

Liberia

Malawi

Namibia

Nigeria

Rwanda

Sierra Leone

Somalia

South Africa

Sudan

Uganda

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

A map shows countries where English is an official or de facto language. The countries are highlighted in red, and include United Kingdom, Canada, U S A, India, Australia, Nigeria, Sudan, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Papua New Guinea.

Countries where English is an official (or serves as a de facto) language

Countries

World

Ethnologue

English as Official or de facto Language

Mauritania

Algeria

Bahrain

Egypt

Iraq

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Libya

Morocco

Oman

Palestine

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Syria

Tunisia

United Arab Emirates

Western Sahara

Yemen

Southwest Asia and North Africa

Chad

Comoros

Djibouti

Eritrea

A world map shows countries where Arabic is an official or de facto language. The countries are highlighted in dark green and include Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Chad, Egypt, Sudan, Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Somalia.

Countries where Arabic is an official (or serves as a de facto) language

Arabic as Official or de facto Language

Alaska

Northwest Territories

District of Columbia

Florida

Rhode Island

Nunavut

Maine

Nova Scotia

Virginia

Delaware

Texas

Louisiana

Hawaii

North Carolina

Oregon

Alabama

New Jersey

South Carolina

Massachusetts

Georgia

New York

Maryland

California

Global vulnerability to a 2-meter sea-level rise is shown with areas highlighted in blue and indicates regions at risk.

Areas vulnerable to a 2-meter rise in sea level

Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (2 m)

Coastal regions across continents are marked, indicating potential flooding hazards. In North America, significant vulnerable areas include the eastern seaboard, the Gulf Coast, and parts of Alaska and Canada. Central America shows risk in Mexico and the Caribbean coastlines, while South America has vulnerable zones along the coasts of Colombia, Peru, Brazil, and Argentina. Europe displays extensive risk along the North Sea, Baltic Sea, and Mediterranean coasts, affecting countries like the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, and Turkey. In Africa, vulnerable areas are mainly along the Mediterranean, West African coasts, and parts of the eastern coast near Kenya and Tanzania. Asia has numerous at-risk regions, including the coasts of Japan, China, India, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Australia’s vulnerable areas are primarily along the northern and eastern coasts, and New Zealand shows risk around its coastlines. Island nations like the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and various Pacific islands are also prominently highlighted, indicating significant vulnerability to sea-level rise. This map underscores the global scale of potential impacts from rising sea levels, emphasizing the need for adaptive measures in coastal regions worldwide.

English as Official or de facto Language	Arabic as Official or de facto Language	Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (2 m)	Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) Emissions			Change in Urbanization			Days with Heavy Fog
Value	Value	Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (2 m)	Class	Rank	Kilotons per year	Class	Rank	Percentage of annual change	80 and over	60–79	40–59	20–39	10–19	Under 10












		0.318%							3.14%	5.14%	5.38%	18.2%	41.6%	24.4%