Benin

Burkina Faso

Cabo Verde

Côte d'Ivoire

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Liberia

Mali

Niger

Nigeria

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

A map highlights E C O W A S members highlighted in blue. Some of the Countries are Mali, Niger, Senegal, Nigeria, Guinea, and Côte d'Ivoire.

Member states of the Economic Community of West African States, an organization founded in 1975 to promote economic integration among its members

Countries

ECOWAS

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Members

Burundi

Kenya

Rwanda

Tanzania

Uganda

A map highlights East African Community (E A C) members highlighted in dark red: Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania.

Member states of the East African Community, an organization founded in 1967 to create a common market and common currency among its members

East African Community (EAC) Members

Alaska

Arizona

Utah

Yukon

Northwest Territories

District of Columbia

Florida

Idaho

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

Washington

Wyoming

Nunavut

Montana

Maine

North Dakota

Kentucky

Nova Scotia

Virginia

Delaware

Prince Edward Island

Saskatchewan

Mississippi

West Virginia

Nebraska

Texas

Missouri

Louisiana

Hawaii

North Carolina

Oregon

New Brunswick

Alabama

New Mexico

Kansas

Wisconsin

British Columbia

Newfoundland and Labrador

New Jersey

South Carolina

Michigan

Alberta

Connecticut

Pennsylvania

Colorado

Nevada

Massachusetts

Georgia

New York

Maryland

Québec

Manitoba

Oklahoma

Tennessee

Ontario

California

Arkansas

South Dakota

Ohio

Indiana

Minnesota

Iowa

Illinois

None

A map shows areas of insolation (incoming solar radiation) across the world, categorized by watts per square meter.

Average annual levels of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface

Insolation

The map illustrates global insolation, showing variations in incoming solar radiation from the tropics to the polar regions. In the Northern Hemisphere, high insolation (220 to 280 plus watts per square meter), highlighted as dark green to dark red spans from northwestern Mexico through southern Texas, Florida, and the Caribbean, across the Atlantic to North Africa and Southwest Asia, with peaks in the eastern Sahara and Arabian Peninsula. In the Southern Hemisphere, high insolation areas stretch from East Africa to South Africa and across the Indian Ocean to most of Australia, with other high insolation zones in the Central Pacific and south-central South America. Middle insolation values (120 to 219 watts per square meter), highlighted as light blue to green, are found between 50 degrees north and 50 degrees south latitude, excluding high insolation regions. Low insolation areas (80 to 119 watts per square meter), highlighted as blue to light blue, are located north of the 50-degree lines to the poles in North America, the North Atlantic, and Eurasia, and around the Southern Ocean in Antarctica. The lowest insolation values (less than 80 watts per square meter), highlighted as dark blue, are in the ocean east of northern Greenland.

World

NOAA

Watts per square meter (W/m²)

A world map shows tectonic hotspots around the globe, marked with red dots. High concentrations of hotspots are found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Pacific Ring of Fire. Areas with fewer hotspots include Europe, Asia, and Australia.

Locations of tectonic hotspots—areas in the mantle where heat rises as a thermal plume from deep in the Earth.

Tectonic Hotspots

In North America, prominent hotspots are concentrated along the western United States, including the states of California, Oregon, and Washington, extending into Alaska. Additional hotspots are found in the Gulf of California, and in Central America, especially in Mexico and Guatemala. The Atlantic Ocean features multiple hotspots, notably near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Africa's hotspots are primarily situated along the East African Rift, particularly in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania, with others scattered across the continent, including Nigeria and Algeria. The Indian Ocean hosts several hotspots, especially near Madagascar and the Seychelles. In Europe, hotspots are visible in Iceland, France, and Spain. Asia's tectonic activity is concentrated in Vietnam and Cambodia. The western part of the Arabian Peninsula, particularly Saudi Arabia, also shows considerable tectonic activity. The regions of Mongolia and Japan show numerous tectonic hotspots. The map also shows hotspots in the South Pacific Ocean, near New Zealand and various island nations.

Smithsonian Institution

A map of the world displaying nuclear site capacity. Most are in North America, Europe, the Middle East, South Asia, East Asia, and few in South America and Africa. The size of circles increases with the increase in the nuclear site capacity.

Location and capacity of current, operating nuclear power plants. Capacity is defined as the maximum electrical power each plant can generate continuously throughout a prolonged period of operation under reference ambient conditions.

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Members	East African Community (EAC) Members	Insolation										Tectonic Hotspots	Nuclear Site Capacity
Value	Value	240–259	220–239	200–219	180–199	160–179	140–159	120–139	100–119	80–99	Less than 80	Tectonic Hotspots	Virgil C Summer nuclear power plant	River Bend nuclear power plant	Clinton nuclear power plant	Donald C Cook nuclear power plant	Catawba nuclear power plant	Columbia nuclear power plant	Limerick nuclear power plant	Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant	Sequoyah nuclear power plant	LaSalle nuclear power plant	Byron nuclear power plant	Watts Bar nuclear power plant	McGuire nuclear power plant	Alvin W Vogtle nuclear power plant	Braidwood nuclear power plant	Comanche Peak nuclear power plant	Waterford nuclear power plant	Browns Ferry nuclear power plant	Callaway nuclear power plant	Wolf Creek nuclear power plant	Seabrook nuclear power plant	Susquehanna nuclear power plant	South Texas nuclear power plant	Peach Bottom nuclear power plant	Palo Verde nuclear power plant	Grand Gulf nuclear power plant	Prairie Island nuclear power plant	Robert Emmett Ginna nuclear power plant	Point Beach nuclear power plant	Nine Mile Point nuclear power plant	Monticello nuclear power plant	H. B. Robinson nuclear power plant	Cooper nuclear power plant	Turkey Point power station	Bruce nuclear power plant	James A Fitzpatrick nuclear power plant	Surry nuclear power plant	Oconee nuclear power plant	Arkansas Nuclear One nuclear power plant	Calvert Cliffs nuclear power plant	Edwin I Hatch nuclear power plant	Joseph M Farley nuclear power plant	Millstone nuclear power plant	Davis Besse nuclear power plant	Dresden nuclear power plant	Quad Cities nuclear power plant	Beaver Valley nuclear power plant	Brunswick nuclear power plant	Shearon Harris nuclear power plant	North Anna nuclear power plant

		13.3%	34.1%	49.4%	36.1%	40.7%	37.0%	24.4%	42.3%	44.7%	2.23%	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1