American Samoa (U.S.)

Australia

Cook Is. (New Zealand)

Fiji

Guam (U.S.)

Kiribati

Marshall Is.

Micronesia

Nauru

New Zealand

Niue (New Zealand)

Norfolk I. (Australia)

Northern Mariana Is. (U.S.)

Palau

Papua New Guinea

Pitcairn Is. (U.K.)

Samoa

Solomon Is.

Australia & Oceania

Anguilla (U.K.)

Antigua and Barbuda

Bahamas

Barbados

Bermuda (U.K.)

British Virgin Is. (U.K.)

Cayman Is. (U.K.)

Dominica

Grenada

Jamaica

Seychelles

St. Kitts and Nevis

St. Lucia

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Trinidad and Tobago

Turks and Caicos Is. (U.K.)

U.S. Virgin Is. (U.S.)

Caribbean

Hong Kong S.A.R. (China)

East Asia

Guernsey (U.K.)

Ireland

Jersey (U.K.)

Malta

Montserrat (U.K.)

United Kingdom

Europe

Belize

Guyana

Latin America

Mauritius

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

Sint Maarten (Neth.)

Tonga

Vanuatu

None

Canada

United States

North America

India

Pakistan

South Asia

Brunei

Malaysia

Philippines

Singapore

Southeast Asia

Botswana

Cameroon

eSwatini

Gambia

Ghana

Kenya

Lesotho

Liberia

Malawi

Namibia

Nigeria

Rwanda

Sierra Leone

Somalia

South Africa

Sudan

Uganda

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

A map shows countries where English is an official or de facto language. The countries are highlighted in red, and include United Kingdom, Canada, U S A, India, Australia, Nigeria, Sudan, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Papua New Guinea.

Countries where English is an official (or serves as a de facto) language

Countries

World

Ethnologue

English as Official or de facto Language

Nepal

China

Chile

Bolivia

Guatemala

Honduras

Peru

El Salvador

Mauritania

Mexico

Kuwait

Jordan

Lebanon

Qatar

Egypt

Iraq

Israel

Palestine

Saudi Arabia

Iran

Syria

Southwest Asia and North Africa

Côte d'Ivoire

Senegal

Burkina Faso

Ethiopia

Guinea

Eritrea

Mali

A world map highlights early cultural hearths. Major hearths in dark green are located in the Middle East, Northern India, and Pakistan. Secondary hearths in light green are found in Mesoamerica, West Africa, Zimbabwe, Sudan, Guatemala, Peru, and North Korea.

Locations of major culture hearths, areas of cultural innovation that gave rise to a particular culture region

English as Official or de facto Language	Major Hearths
Value	Major hearth	Secondary hearth




	3.31%	1.87%
		26.8%
		11.1%
		30.0%
	22.1%
	30.6%
		23.8%