Benin

Burkina Faso

Cabo Verde

Côte d'Ivoire

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Liberia

Mali

Niger

Nigeria

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

A map highlights E C O W A S members highlighted in blue. Some of the Countries are Mali, Niger, Senegal, Nigeria, Guinea, and Côte d'Ivoire.

Member states of the Economic Community of West African States, an organization founded in 1975 to promote economic integration among its members

Countries

ECOWAS

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Members

Australia

Cook Is. (New Zealand)

Norfolk I. (Australia)

Nauru

Pitcairn Is. (U.K.)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (U.K.)

St. Helena (U.K.)

Samoa

Kiribati

Palau

French Polynesia (France)

Fiji

Micronesia

Guam (U.S.)

Marshall Is.

Northern Mariana Is. (U.S.)

New Zealand

Papua New Guinea

Solomon Is.

Tuvalu

Australia & Oceania

Caribbean Netherlands (Neth.)

St. Barthélemy (France)

St. Kitts and Nevis

U.S. Virgin Is. (U.S.)

Bahamas

Bermuda (U.K.)

Cayman Is. (U.K.)

Dominica

St. Lucia

Turks and Caicos Is. (U.K.)

Trinidad and Tobago

British Virgin Is. (U.K.)

Dominican Republic

Haiti

Jamaica

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Cuba

Caribbean

Uzbekistan

Central Asia

Hong Kong S.A.R. (China)

South Korea

East Asia

United Kingdom

Isle of Man (U.K.)

Netherlands

Cyprus

Estonia

Albania

Denmark

Greece

Croatia

Ireland

Malta

Norway

Portugal

Guernsey (U.K.)

Jersey (U.K.)

Europe

Chile

Belize

Ecuador

Honduras

Panama

Latin America

Mayotte (France)

Guadeloupe (France)

French Southern and Antarctic Lands (France)

Falkland Is. (U.K.)

Faeroe Is. (Denmark)

Greenland (Denmark)

Heard I. and McDonald Is. (Australia)

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

St. Pierre and Miquelon (France)

New Caledonia (France)

São Tomé and Príncipe

Tonga

Mauritius

Vanuatu

Wallis and Futuna Is. (France)

None

Maldives

Bangladesh

Sri Lanka

South Asia

Indonesia

Timor-Leste

Brunei

Philippines

Southeast Asia

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Qatar

Southwest Asia and North Africa

Comoros

Eritrea

Mean sea-surface temperatures shown using patterns of latitudinal bands extend roughly east to west. The coldest temperatures are shown in the northern latitudes. Temperatures warm as latitudes near the equator.

Average sea-surface temperatures between 1990 and 2020

Mean Sea-Surface Temperature

Sea-surface temperatures create latitudinal bands extending east to west, influenced by ocean currents and continents. In the tropics, temperatures range from 24.0 to 32.0 degrees Celsius; in the midlatitudes, from 8.0 to 23.9 degrees Celsius; and in higher latitudes and polar regions, from negative 2.0 to 7.9 degrees Celsius. Significant deviations occur along the Atlantic coast of western Europe, where temperatures are warmer than the east coast of North America at the same latitude, and along the Pacific coast of Canada, the Atlantic coasts of Canada and the northeastern United States, and the western coasts of South America and southern Africa, where waters are cooler than expected. The hottest ocean areas are between Indonesia and Australia (30.0 to 32.0 degrees Celsius), followed by tropical parts of the western Pacific and Indian oceans, and small areas along the coasts of West Africa and Central America (28.0 to 29.9 degrees Celsius).

Oceans

NOAA

Degrees Celsius (°C)

Indian Ocean Ter. (Australia)

Niue (New Zealand)

American Samoa (U.S.)

Grenada

St. Martin (France)

Aruba (Neth.)

Anguilla (U.K.)

Antigua and Barbuda

Barbados

Seychelles

Martinique (France)

Japan

Macau S.A.R. (China)

North Korea

Taiwan

Germany

Finland

Iceland

Montserrat (U.K.)

Spain

France

Italy

Latvia

Colombia

Costa Rica

Guatemala

Guyana

El Salvador

Nicaragua

British Indian Ocean Territory (U.K.)

Curaçao (Neth.)

Sint Maarten (Neth.)

Réunion (France)

Canada

Mexico

North America

Singapore

Thailand

Malaysia

Bahrain

Oman

Yemen

Gabon

Djibouti

Equatorial Guinea

Madagascar

Mozambique

A map shows marine sediment thickness in meters. Areas with the least thickness cover much of the North and South Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The highest thickness is found in the Gulf of Mexico and parts of the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Marine Sediment Thickness

Areas with the least sediment thickness, ranging from 0 to 149 meters, are marked in light orange and include vast stretches of the North Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean, and South Atlantic Ocean. These regions also encompass areas near the western coasts of North and South America, including the coastal areas of the United States, Mexico, Central America, and South American countries such as Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile. The Mediterranean Sea, parts of the Indian Ocean, and areas surrounding New Zealand and the Philippines also fall within this range.Regions with sediment thickness ranging from 150 to 299 meters, shown in medium orange, are found in parts of the North Atlantic Ocean, particularly off the eastern coast of the United States and near the Caribbean, covering areas such as Cuba, Guatemala, and parts of Costa Rica. Other notable regions include parts of the western Indian Ocean near Madagascar and parts of the South Pacific Ocean.Areas receiving sediment thickness between 300 and 749 meters, highlighted in orange, cover significant portions of the North Atlantic Ocean, particularly near the eastern coast of Canada, Greenland, and Iceland. This range also includes parts of the North Sea near the United Kingdom and Norway, the Mediterranean Sea near Italy, Spain, and Greece, and the southwestern Pacific Ocean.Regions with sediment thickness from 750 meters to 1 kilometer, marked in dark orange, cover smaller sections of the world's oceans but include notable areas such as the eastern coast of North and South America and parts of the western Indian Ocean near Africa. It also includes areas near Arctic and Antarctic ocean.Light red areas, indicating sediment thickness from 1 to 2 kilometers, include regions of the North Atlantic Ocean, particularly off the eastern coast of North America, the Caribbean, and parts of the Mediterranean Sea near Spain and Italy.The highest sediment thickness, ranging from 10 to 18 kilometers, represented in dark red, is concentrated in areas such as the Gulf of Mexico, off the southeastern coast of the United States, and parts of the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Members	Mean Sea-Surface Temperature																	Marine Sediment Thickness
Value	-2.0 to 0.0	0.0 to 1.9	2.0 to 3.9	4.0 to 5.9	6.0 to 7.9	8.0 to 9.9	10.0 to 11.9	12.0 to 13.9	14.0 to 15.9	16.0 to 17.9	18.0 to 19.9	20.0 to 21.9	22.0 to 23.9	24.0 to 25.9	26.0 to 27.9	28.0 to 29.9	30.0 to 32.0	0 - 149	150 - 299	300 - 749	750 - 1,499	1,500 - 2,999	3,000 - 7,499	7,500 - 9,999	10,000 - 18,334
								1.16%
		2.47%	12.1%									1.08%		100%	28.3%	17.7%	3.17%	54.6%	3.39%	17.3%	2.37%
												100%		36.7%	4.98%					100%	17.5%	5.40%	16.7%	3.60%	100%
								1.33%			31.8%								1.16%	2.25%	11.6%	1.30%	2.32%
		1.37%	1.54%	6.46%	3.58%	3.90%	1.32%	2.51%	1.50%	5.05%	3.20%							3.15%	3.39%	2.36%	1.72%	1.81%	8.86%	94.1%
						1.53%	1.40%		1.91%						1.44%				5.56%	2.09%	1.75%	1.38%
	1.06%	100%	11.8%	7.96%	63.5%	7.48%	12.7%								10.1%	16.5%	29.2%	39.2%	4.73%	40.6%	57.0%	6.71%	100%
																		1.08%		1.09%
													2.13%		1.28%	100%			100%		5.08%	4.51%	1.51%		1.64%
															2.36%	2.54%					10.3%	6.56%
											4.71%	1.13%									1.37%	1.22%	9.76%
													76.8%	1.22%	1.30%	100%					2.64%	1.26%	3.74%	6.56%